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Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Establish and maintain therapeutic relationships with clients
  2. Identify client needs relating to individualised nursing care
  3. Assist clients in activities of daily living
  4. Assist with movement of clients
  5. Prepare clients for procedures
  6. Contribute to nursing care in consultation/ collaboration with registered nurse
  7. Monitor and evaluate clients during care
  8. Evaluate own contribution to nursing care

Required Skills

This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level required for this unit

Essential knowledge

The candidate must be able to demonstrate essential knowledge required to effectively do the task outlined in elements and performance criteria of this unit manage the task and manage contingencies in the context of the identified work role

This includes knowledge of

Discharge policy and planning requirements

Documentation and reporting requirements

Legislation relating to medication administration

Lifespan approach to anatomy and physiology

Microbiology and pathogenesis relating to nosocomial infection

Opportunities to address issues of waste minimisation environmental responsibility and sustainable practice

Organisation policies and procedures

Risk identification related to episodic care

age

anaesthesia and surgery

cognitive status

deep vein thrombosispulmonary embolism

immobility

length of stay

mental illness

noncompliance

nutritional status

pain

presence of morbidity

Risk prevention strategies

activepassive exercises

asepsisstandard precautions

falls assessment

maintenance of skin integrity

pressure area care

Essential skills

It is critical that the candidate demonstrate the ability to effectively do the task outlined in elements and performance criteria of this unit manage the task and manage contingencies in the context of the identified work role

This includes the ability to

Apply Professional Standards of Practice

ANMC code of conduct

ANMC code of ethics

ANMC national EnrolledDivision nurse competency standards

stateterritory Nurse Regulatory Nurses Act

stateterritory Nursing and Midwifery Regulatory Authority standards of practice

scope of nursing practice decision making framework

Handle challenging behaviour and refusal of treatment

Meet nutritional needs

Meet risk minimisation needs

Promote comfort

Undertake observation and assessment

Use effective communication skills

Undertake nursing interventionsprocedures

mobility

manual handlingrisk assessment

assist with mobility

positioningactive and passive exercises

feeding a client

specimens

collection of specimens

urinalysis

rest and sleep

bed making

bathing and showering

pressure area care

eye toilet

nasal toilet

perineal toilet

oral hygiene

dressing and undressing

assistance with eating and drinking

maintaining skin integrity

nebulisers puffers peak flow assessment oxygen administration and oximetry

basic life support

nasogastric and gastrostomy feeding

ostomy care

established tracheostomy care

Evidence Required

The evidence guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the Performance Criteria Required Skills and Knowledge the Range Statement and the Assessment Guidelines for this Training Package

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate this competency unit


The individual being assessed must provide evidence of specified essential knowledge as well as skills

Observation of performance in a work context is essential for assessment of this unit

Consistency of performance should be demonstrated over the required range of workplace situations and should occur on more than one occasion and be assessed by a registered nurse

Context of and specific resources for assessment


This unit is most appropriately assessed in the clinical workplace following assessment in simulation laboratory

Where for reasons of safety access to equipment and resources and space assessment takes place away from the workplace simulations should be used to represent workplace conditions as closely as possible prior to assessment in the workplace

Method of assessment

Observation in the work place of clinical performance

Written assignmentsprojects

Case study and scenario as a basis for discussion of issues and strategies to contribute to best practice

Questioning verbal and written

Role playsimulation

Access and equity considerations

All workers in the health industry should be aware of access and equity issues in relation to their own area of work

All workers should develop their ability to work in a culturally diverse environment

In recognition of particular health issues facing Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities workers should be aware of cultural historical and current issues impacting on health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people

Assessors and trainers must take into account relevant access and equity issues in particular relating to factors impacting on health of Aboriginal andor Torres Strait Islander clients and communities

Related units

This unit is recommended to be assessed in conjunction with units

HLTAPB Confirm physical health status

HLTAP401B Confirm physical health status

HLTENB Communicate effectively in a nursing role

HLTEN402B Communicate effectively in a nursing role


Range Statement

The Range Statement relates to the unit of competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance

Therapeutic relationships include:

Nurse/client

Nurse/significant other

Client/client

Nurse/nurse

Nurse/multidisciplinary health care team

Actual and potential nursing care that clients may need assistance with:

Hygiene and toileting

Elimination/incontinence

Physical comfort

Sleep disturbances

Health education

Oral/dental care

Immobility

Respiration and circulation

Fluid and nutritional deficits

Pain

Wounds - acute and chronic

Stress

Underlying medical condition

Social emotional and financial issues

Sensory deficits

Cognitive deficits

Risks or potential risks due to hospitalisation/medical treatment may include:

Adverse reactions

Shock/haemorrhage

Deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism

Nosocomial infection

Skin tears/pressure ulcer formation

Constipation

Loss of muscle tone

Slips and falls

Social isolation

Sleep deprivation

Challenging behaviour

Refusal of treatment

Workplace harassment and aggression and violence

Risk prevention strategies:

Recording of allergies

Monitoring of client vital sign

Other monitoring as required eg. fluid balance, blood sugar levels

Pressure area care

Anti-emboli stockings/DVT prophylaxis

Aseptic technique/standard precautions

Passive and active exercises

Bed rails

Assistance with transferring

The broad principles of manual handling may include:

Body mechanics

Organisation policy and procedures

Risk minimisation and 'no-lift' policies

Back care

Ergonomics

State/territory Occupational Health and Safety Act

Safe operation of equipment

Manual handling techniques must include:

Transferring a client from bed to chair and vice versa

Assisting a client to ambulate

Moving a client in the bed

Client falls

Factors contributing to mobility may include:

Client health status

Active and passive exercises

Equipment availability

Culture

Environment

Transfer/mobility devices/equipment may include:

Hoist

Wheelchairs

Walking frames

Slide sheets

Walking aids

Purpose of hygiene and grooming may include:

Cleanliness

Assessment of skin

Self esteem

Social aspects

Hygiene may include:

Showing and showering trolley

Bed bath/sponge

Bath

Grooming may include:

Brushing hair

Facial shavings

Nail care

Cleaning and applying glasses

Cleaning and inserting hearing aid

Application of make up and jewellery

Application of prostheses and orthoses

Conditions of the oral cavity may include:

Dry mouth, gums and tongue

Halitosis

Pale or bleeding mucosa and gums including tongue

Candida albicans (thrush)

Herpes Simplex/cold sores

Ulcers of the mucosa, gums and tongue

Ill fitting dentures

Deviations of tongue alignment

Stomatitis/Gingivitis

Cleft palate/lip

Dental caries

Oral hygiene may include:

Brushing teeth

Mouth wash/gargle

Mouth toilet

Application of lip emollient

Key aspects of assisting a client with diet and fluid intake may include:

Comfort

Hygiene and elimination needs are met

Serviette provided/presentation of meal

Meal size and food preference

Placement of meal to facilitate appetite

Suitable utensils and condiments offered

Rate of eating and fluids offered

Encourage independence

Meal completion, hygiene and comfort needs are met

Visual and hearing impairment considered

Swallowing impairment

Cognitive and physical impairment

Fasting and restricted fluids

Strategies to assist may include:

Position and environment

Key aspects of elimination may include:

Bedpan/Urinal/Commode

Enemas/Suppositories

Perineal care

Continence aids

Privacy and dignity

Positioning and hygiene

Disposal of waste

Odour control

Key factors associated with fluid balance and bowel charts may include:

Intake and output measurements in millilitres, totalled with positive/negative balance calculated on fluid balance chart

Diet intake chart

Accurate and continuous documentation

Description of stool on bowel chart

Report variances as per environmental policies

Factors contributing to formation of decubitus ulcers may include:

Intrinsic

Extrinsic

Strategies for prevention and management of decubitus ulcers may include:

Pressure risk assessment scales

Use of pressure relieving devices

Regular observation of skin condition\

Repositioning

Rest may include:

Power naps/meditation/relaxation techniques

Factors that promote and impede comfort, rest and sleep may include:

Routine and position

Environment/equipment

Emotional state/pain physical state

Medication

Nursing interventions

Visitors/other clients

Bed making may include:

Occupied

Unoccupied

Risk minimisation strategies for nurses may include:

Hazard assessment/reporting/risk minimisation

Implementation of 'No-Lift' policy

Maintenance of regular contact with members of the care team/nurse supervisor

Referral of self appropriately for debriefing/counselling

Attention to own health and rest requirements

Strategies for addressing workplace harassment/aggression and violence

Recording and reporting requirements includes:

Admission and discharge documentation

Client progress notes

Fluid balance charts

Conscious/neurological observations

Specific charting as required

Verbal handovers/case meetings

Critical incident reporting to senior staff

Incident reports

Understanding of work roles of other health team members

Occupational health and safety hazard reporting